8 medical tests that women must undergo in their 30s and 40s

Women may face a higher risk of various diseases and infections compared to men due to biological differences and gender inequalities. According to the WHO, adolescent girls and young women globally are twice as likely to contract HIV compared to boys and young men, primarily due to unsafe, often unwanted, and forced sexual activity. During pregnancy, conditions like malaria, HIV, and TB can pose significant risks to both the mother and the unborn child. The International Day of Action for Women’s Health, observed on May 28 each year, aims to raise awareness about women’s health issues.

Important Tests for Women in Their 30s and 40s

1. Pap Smear and HPV Tests: These tests are essential for detecting abnormal cell growth that can lead to cervical cancer. Regular screenings every 3-5 years are recommended, depending on age and previous results. HPV testing is also crucial for sexually active women as the virus can cause cervical cancer.
2. Mammogram and Breast Self-Examination: Mammograms are vital for early detection of breast cancer. Annual or biennial screenings are recommended based on individual risk factors. Breast self-examinations help women understand the normal look and feel of their breasts, so they can report any changes to a healthcare professional promptly.
3. Thyroid Function Test (TFT): This test measures thyroid hormone levels to detect conditions like hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
4. Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Tests: The risk of cardiovascular diseases increases with age. Testing every 4-6 years can help prevent heart diseases and strokes.
5. Blood Glucose Test: An annual test is advised to detect diabetes and pre-diabetes, especially for those who are obese, have a family history, or other risk factors.
6. Bone Density Test: A DEXA scan is important for detecting osteoporosis and bone loss, particularly for those with risk factors.
7. Eye Test: A biennial eye check-up helps prevent eye diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma.
8. Cancer Screening: Women at risk should consider colon and skin cancer screenings based on age, family history, and other risk factors.