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Celiac disease, also known as celiac sprue or gluten-sensitive enteropathy, is an immunological reaction to gluten, a protein present in wheat, rye, and other grains.
Gluten causes an immunological response in your small intestine if you have celiac disease. This reaction destroys the lining of your small intestine over time, preventing it from absorbing certain nutrients (malabsorption). Diarrhea, lethargy, weight loss, bloating, and anaemia are common symptoms of intestinal injury, which can progress to significant consequences.
Malabsorption in children can impact growth and development in addition to creating the symptoms noticed in adults.
Celiac disease has no cure, although maintaining a gluten-free diet can help manage symptoms and promote intestinal healing in most patients.
Symptoms
Celiac disease symptoms and indicators fluctuate significantly between children and adults. Adults may experience the following digestive indications and symptoms:
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Loss of weight
- Gas and bloating
- Pain in the abdomen
- Vomiting and nausea
- Constipation
However, celiac disease affects more than half of adults, with signs and symptoms that aren’t related to the digestive tract, such as:
- Anemia is a condition caused by a lack of iron in the body.
- Bone softening or loss of density (osteoporosis) (osteomalacia)
- A rash on the skin that is itchy and blistery (dermatitis herpetiformis)
- Ulcers in the mouth
- Headaches and exhaustion
- Nervous system damage can cause numbness and tingling in the feet and hands, as well as balance issues and cognitive impairment.
- Joint discomfort
- The spleen’s ability to function is impaired (hyposplenism)
- Children with celiac disease have a higher risk of digestive disorders than adults, including:
- Vomiting and nausea
- Diarrhea
- Bloated stomach
- Constipation
- Gas
- Stools that are pale and smell bad
Causes
Celiac disease can be caused by your genes, gluten-containing foods, and other factors, but the exact reason is unknown. Practices in infant feeding, gastrointestinal illnesses, and gut flora may all play a role. After surgery, pregnancy, childbirth, viral infection, or extreme mental stress, celiac disease might become active
