हिंदी
Stomach cancer, also called gastric cancer, occurs when harmful cells begin to grow abnormally in the stomach’s inner lining, potentially forming tumors. This abnormal cell growth often starts in the stomach’s inner lining and can quickly spread to other body parts if untreated. In some cases, stomach cancer develops at the gastroesophageal junction, where the stomach meets the esophagus.
Factors that significantly increase the risk of developing stomach cancer include:
1. Age: The risk increases after age 55 to 60.
2. Gender: Males are more prone to stomach cancer than females.
3. Lifestyle: Smoking and alcohol consumption.
4. Diet: Eating high-sodium foods.
5. Genetics: Family history of stomach cancer.
6. Obesity: Being overweight or obese.
Symptoms of stomach cancer:
1. Vague pain and discomfort: Persistent upper abdominal discomfort or pain, especially after eating, along with bloating, burning sensations, or constipation.
2. Loss of appetite/weight: Sudden loss of hunger or disinterest in food, leading to weight loss and malnutrition.
3. Weakness: Frequent fatigue or weakness, even after minimal activity, affecting daily routines and reducing stamina and energy levels.
4. Stomach pain: Sharp, cramp-like pain in the middle or upper abdomen that may persist for hours.
5. Nausea and vomiting: Nausea and vomiting can occur after seeing food, while eating, or without any food intake, leading to weight loss and lack of appetite.
6. Bloody stool: Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract may result in bloody vomit or black stools (hematochezia), indicating the need for immediate medical attention.
Treatment for stomach cancer depends on the cancer’s progression within the stomach lining. Diagnosis typically involves an upper GI endoscopy, biopsy, and CT scan. Early-stage cancer may be treated directly with surgery, while more advanced stages often require chemotherapy before surgery. Surgical treatment involves partial or total gastrectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy, which includes clearing all draining lymph nodes. Early detection is crucial for long-term survival.
