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The occurrence of pancreatic cancer is more widespread than one might imagine; therefore, it is essential to remain vigilant regarding its symptoms and promptly seek medical attention. Timely treatment plays a crucial role in managing this form of cancer. Pancreatic cancer originates in the pancreas cells, a vital organ responsible for producing digestive enzymes and regulating blood sugar levels. Genetic factors contribute significantly to the development of pancreatic cancer, although its exact origin remains unclear despite extensive research.
Alterations (mutations) in pancreatic cells lead to uncontrolled growth, forming either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) masses. The two main classifications of pancreatic cancer are exocrine tumors, which are more prevalent, and neuroendocrine tumors. Various risk factors, including smoking, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, hereditary syndromes, a family history of pancreatic cancer, obesity, and age over 65, increase the likelihood of developing this cancer.
Detecting pancreatic cancer in its early stages is challenging as symptoms are not easily identifiable. As the condition progresses, individuals may experience abdominal pain radiating to the back, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), fatigue, decreased appetite, vomiting, nausea, weight loss, itchy skin, dark-colored urine, and new or worsening diabetes. It is crucial not to ignore these signs and to seek proper diagnosis promptly.
Surgical procedures such as pancreatico-duodenectomy or distal pancreatectomy, depending on the tumor’s location, involve removing the cancerous part of the pancreas. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are employed to eradicate cancer cells using high-energy radiation and medication, respectively.
Implementing lifestyle changes, such as avoiding smoking and alcohol, maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular physical activity, and adopting preventive strategies against diabetes, can help manage glucose levels effectively. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels at home with a glucometer, as recommended by experts, is advised. Adhering to these preventive measures is essential to reduce the risk of developing pancreatic cancer.
